What competencies do people living in liquid societies need in order to design their lives and direct their careers?
Résumé
In liquid modernity, the social forms (institutions, patterns of acceptable behaviors, shared assumptions, etc.) that help people find their lives' bearings fade away and people need to engage in an ongoing process of reflexion to give their lives meaning. In the meantime, the development of new forms of work organisation-and of flexible jobsimplies they construct both an adaptable occupational self-concept and a strategic mindset so as to direct their "protean" career. To do so, they rely on a set of various competencies they have constructed (and still construct) on the occasion of their various experiences. To this same purpose, they may also be offered three kinds of support: information about the world of work, career guidance and counselling for life designing. Career guidance intends to learn people relate to themselves and their various experiences according to the current norms of employability. Counselling dialogues help them to define the major perspectives that give their lives meaning. The constructivist dialogue for life designing is an example of such a counselling approach. It is based on a synthesis of current research (in the various domains of humans and social sciences) about self's construction. This synthesis puts forward three major concepts: identity as a dynamic system of subjective identity forms, dual and ternary reflexivity. Studies of such counselling dialogues show how these two kinds of reflexivity combines in different ways to permit clients design some meaningful life perspectives. One can nevertheless wonder whether this current view of career and life issues that concentrates individuals on their self's constructions is sufficient to make our globalized humanity solve the many crises that it endures.
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